tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post8714827223368016295..comments2023-09-29T08:49:30.765-04:00Comments on Elliptic Composability: Florin Moldoveanuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01087655914212705768noreply@blogger.comBlogger33125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-40651536652262134322016-04-29T11:18:23.922-04:002016-04-29T11:18:23.922-04:00There is nothing well argumented about Bricmont bo...There is nothing well argumented about Bricmont book. It's just a constant irrational denial of quantum mechanics and attack on its founders. Bohr is correctly quoted as saying that there's no quantum world, just an abstract description - physics is about making statements about Nature, not about creating a model, and Bricmont follows it with several pages of dissatisfied whining.<br /><br />I don't believe that Bricmont has a chance to understand quantum mechanics - i.e. 'agree with me". All university professors have been unable to teach QM to him and he's been unable to learn it for several other decades. Now he has written a whole book boasting his stupidity. Why should I believe it's feasible that he will suddenly agree with me? Give me a break.Luboš Motlhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/17487263983247488359noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-6070206425203184212016-04-29T07:34:58.869-04:002016-04-29T07:34:58.869-04:00LOL. Read my next post. I am still reading Bricmon...LOL. Read my next post. I am still reading Bricmont book and this is why I only gave a short review. I am thinking to host here a dialog between him and an opposing point of view (mine or someone else). I am working to disprove the Bohmian approach in a clean mathematical way using cohomology arguments, but this does not mean I do not respect a well argumented opposing point of view. You win an argument when the opposing side agrees with you, not when you destroy them. For this to happen both sides needs to be honest in their intentions and I believe this is the case here. Florin Moldoveanuhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/01087655914212705768noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-50409284867047569132016-04-29T04:23:53.665-04:002016-04-29T04:23:53.665-04:00Thanks, Florin. It would be even better if such up...Thanks, Florin. It would be even better if such upgrades were guaranteed to be irreversible.<br /><br />Concerning your sinful past life, I ran into your short review of the Bricmont book - which I found because it was the only "followup" of Alford's "nonlocality in EPR" paper. It's a long misleading pro-Bohmian nonlocal tirade. I can't understand how you can both "get" GHZM etc., which you apparently do, and simultaneously defend naive things such as Bohm's theory.Luboš Motlhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/17487263983247488359noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-45640158272526792392016-04-29T04:00:11.705-04:002016-04-29T04:00:11.705-04:00Dear Florin,
You speak about a limit. Please just...Dear Florin,<br /><br />You speak about a limit. Please justify that limit from the point of view of classical electromagnetism.<br /><br />Hint: there is no limit. In the approximation that charges do not move much you would expect the "limit" to be the same as in gravity (Coulomb's law is mathematically similar with Newton's law of gravitation, except for the constant which does not help you much).<br /><br />The only limit comes from your intuition. You focus on very complex systems (rover, ant, planet) with 10^30 or so particles. It's better to thing about just two charges, say 1 light year apart. Do they move independently or not? Then add more charges at each point and try to find out what happens.<br /><br />In regards to my question to Lubos you are invited to answer. It's not the same argument as EPR (too many irrelevant assumptions there). If you think that it has already been refuted, please do it again here. I'm not asking you to write a book, just answer a very simple question.<br /><br />Till now, only crickets can be heard from Lubos' microphone. I'm still looking forward to see his explanation of how the stars need to bump into each other in order for the gravity to start working and correlate their motion in a nice spiral galaxy.<br /><br />AndreiAnonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-81772432489612883942016-04-28T21:21:32.723-04:002016-04-28T21:21:32.723-04:00Hi Andrei,
"do you deny from the start that ...Hi Andrei,<br /><br />"do you deny from the start that charged particles interact according to classical electromagnetism?"<br /><br />Not at all, but basically here I am talking about a limit. As I put it before, a rover on Mars is not affected in any way by how an ant walks on Earth.<br /><br />On Alice-Bob question for Lubos, you are basically repeating EPR's argument and this was well refuted. Still, one question remains: how can we explain quantum correlations? Here the positions are split. The ontic camp (the Bohmians) demand an explanation while my take on this is that no explanation is needed: correlations are simply there as a result of quantum formalism and interaction in the past. Don't like it? Tough luck, find yourself another universe of lower correlations.<br /><br />On the IQ thing, there are no grounds to complain in a superdeterministic world where free will does not exist.<br /><br />FlorinFlorin Moldoveanuhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/01087655914212705768noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-16725395866659384142016-04-28T16:57:49.753-04:002016-04-28T16:57:49.753-04:00Thanks. By the way, I am glad I got upgraded to &q...Thanks. By the way, I am glad I got upgraded to "confused" LOL :) Let me reciprocate, you were helpful with the comment above.Florin Moldoveanuhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/01087655914212705768noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-12729110011079465222016-04-28T10:04:41.554-04:002016-04-28T10:04:41.554-04:00Just a superpeaceful innocent comment. You have wr...Just a superpeaceful innocent comment. You have wrong spacings in the kets +++ and –––. It's because the operators plus and minus try to divide things around and put bigger spaces around the "main" plus or minus.<br /><br />A fix: write {+}{+}{+} and {-}{-}{-} to the kets, a way to make TeX know that they're not binary operators.Luboš Motlhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/17487263983247488359noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-54136737437595542016-04-28T07:25:07.209-04:002016-04-28T07:25:07.209-04:00Florin: ""all charges move in agreement ...Florin: ""all charges move in agreement with Maxwell's theory." is just simply incorrect handwaving.<br /><br />As I type this message my fingers press the keys due to tiny electric signals between neurons in my body. Each key on the keyboard has a huge number of electrons but they do not interfere with my thought process via Maxwell's equations."<br /><br />So, do you deny from the start that charged particles interact according to classical electromagnetism? If it is so, you just assume what you need to prove and GHZ is redundant. The point of GHZ is to assume first that local-realism is correct and only then reach a contradiction. If you do not follow that procedure there is no argument to speak about, you are just asserting your unsupported beliefs.<br /><br />PS<br /><br />I have noticed that Lubos posted a very gentlemanish text on his blog. I only hope that, after a thorough evaluation of my IQ he would take the time to answer to the simple question I have asked:<br /><br />"OK, so let’s only discuss the experiment from the subjective point of view of Alice. She measures her particle, she gets +1/2, she knows Bob’s particle must be -1/2. Do you agree that the spin of Bob’s particle, from the subjective point of view of Alice is well defined (-1/2)? Does she need to wait for Bob to perform his measurement and confirm it to her before calling the -1/2 value well-defined?"<br /><br />AndreiAnonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-79927796247874089232016-04-28T00:07:55.869-04:002016-04-28T00:07:55.869-04:00Dear Andrei,
You said:
"Let me propose you ...Dear Andrei,<br /><br />You said:<br /><br />"Let me propose you the following "proof" that relativity is wrong:<br /><br />Relativity is wrong because you can use a warp drive to exceed the speed of light.<br /><br />You would probably agree that the argument is correct."<br /><br />Huh? This is word salad and I don't get your point. Do I agree that the warp drives exceed the speed of light? No, they don't exist. Do I agree that relativity is wrong? Only on April first day :) <br /><br />Now I think you are back on superdeterminism. However to take this approach you need a foundation. 't Hooft is basing his approach on cellular automata. Then one can discuss in a scientific way the merits of such a model. What is the basis of your superdeterminism claim?<br /><br />"all charges move in agreement with Maxwell's theory." is just simply incorrect handwaving. <br /><br />As I type this message my fingers press the keys due to tiny electric signals between neurons in my body. Each key on the keyboard has a huge number of electrons but they do not interfere with my thought process via Maxwell's equations.<br /><br />Without a model the idea that all is connected in the great circle of life works for Lion King or for New Age but not in science.Florin Moldoveanuhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/01087655914212705768noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-57624986988795226472016-04-27T14:45:09.855-04:002016-04-27T14:45:09.855-04:00Warp drives are a solution to Einstein field equat...Warp drives are a solution to Einstein field equations. You might eliminate them by demanding T^{00} >= 0, but then one might question whether there can be squeezed states of the quantum gravity vacuum that violate this weak energy condition of Hawking and Penrose.<br /><br />In the end the issue of warp drives leads to very subtle questions on the relationship between global and local principles. We might have some principle that tells us that quantum gravity is "mod local symmetries," or some local symmetries. In this way we might understand questions of cosmic censorship better.<br /><br />I tend to think that warp drives do not physically exist, or if they do they are completely unstable under any perturbation, even quantum fluctuations, so they do not FAPP exist. As yet we have no hard proof of this. Much the same goes for wormholes, or at least the boosted wormholes that would form time machines.<br /><br />LCLawrence Crowellhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/12090839464038445335noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-20853418624913428982016-04-27T05:32:43.815-04:002016-04-27T05:32:43.815-04:00Lubos: "The actual correct formulation of the...Lubos: "The actual correct formulation of the implication argument is "warp drives cannot exist because they contradict relativity"."<br /><br />Well, you cannot convince someone who denies relativity in this way because you assume what you have to prove. If someone claims relativity is wrong because he can build a warp drive it is his burden of proof to provide evidence for that. If he cannot provide that evidence his argument fails.<br /><br />AndreiAnonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-70256617409153313732016-04-27T05:25:05.686-04:002016-04-27T05:25:05.686-04:00Lubos: "Sorry, detectors can't be correla...Lubos: "Sorry, detectors can't be correlated with the particles they are going to measure *before* they have interacted. Such a correlation would surely, by definition, contradict locality, right?"<br /><br />No, Lubos, two distant clocks can be correlated before they come close to each other because they were syncronized sometimes in the past.<br /><br />You can also think about the motion of the stars in a galaxy. The motion of two stars 100000 light years away can be correlated even if they never met. If it happens that they collide at a certain time it is incorrect to assume that their relative motion was random prior to collision.<br /><br />The case of charged particles is similar. Those particles existed in one form or another since the Big bang so their relative motion must be correlated as well.<br /><br />It is my opinion that even in the case of subatomic particles the experimenter should adopt the view of the astronomer. Those particles cannot be created out of nothing at the time the experiment starts. the experiment is just a glimpse into their evolution just like a picture of a galaxy is a glimpse in the evolution of that galaxy. It would be absurd for the astronomer to assume that the stars move randomly before he looks at them and they only start to correlate their motion when he starts observing them.<br /><br />AndreiAnonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-17632882664591844522016-04-27T04:20:20.643-04:002016-04-27T04:20:20.643-04:00The actual correct formulation of the implication ...The actual correct formulation of the implication argument is "warp drives cannot exist because they contradict relativity".Luboš Motlhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/17487263983247488359noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-71709130338552006202016-04-27T04:19:28.050-04:002016-04-27T04:19:28.050-04:00Andrei, your writing about these matters is not on...Andrei, your writing about these matters is not only wrong in every individual statement but it is also self-contradictory. On one hand, you want to defend "local realism". On the other hand, you say things like<br /><br />"They are correlated with the detector settings by means of the electric/magnetic fields of the particles in the detectors."<br /><br />Sorry, detectors can't be correlated with the particles they are going to measure *before* they have interacted. Such a correlation would surely, by definition, contradict locality, right?Luboš Motlhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/17487263983247488359noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-67141525087227527812016-04-27T03:43:29.352-04:002016-04-27T03:43:29.352-04:00Dear Florin,
Let me propose you the following &qu...Dear Florin,<br /><br />Let me propose you the following "proof" that relativity is wrong:<br /><br />Relativity is wrong because you can use a warp drive to exceed the speed of light.<br /><br />You would probably agree that the argument is correct. The problem is with the assumption that a warp-drive can be built. All details regarding the design of the experiment in which the warp-drive can be used are irrelevant. So your well-justified answer will be:<br /><br />"proove me that an warp drive can be built and I would concede the point"<br /><br />All those no-go theorems (GHZ included) that are supposed to rule out local realism are based on the assumption that it is possible to prepare an experiment in which more or less distant entities (detectors, PDC crystals, whatever) evolve independently of one another. My point is that such an experimental arrangement is impossible to prepare in practice. The only difference between the warp drive and the existence of independently evolving entities is that the warp drive is trivial to test. It is impossible to experimentally observe if between a brain and a PDC 1Km away a correlation between the motion of their subatomic particles exists. The only way to test that possibility is to carefully evaluate the mathematical structure of a classical field theory. So my question for you is this:<br /><br />Is it possible to have a distribution of charged particles satisfying the two propositions bellow?<br /><br />1. Some charges/groups of charges evolve independently of other charges/groups of charges.<br /><br />2. all charges move in agreement with Maxwell's theory.<br /><br />If you think this is possible please exemplify. You can place the charges at any distance you want, in any configuration you want.<br /><br />AndreiAnonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-1742999136279003812016-04-26T08:38:31.404-04:002016-04-26T08:38:31.404-04:00Lubos: “Whether the experimenters measured the X- ...Lubos: “Whether the experimenters measured the X- or Y-component of the spins was up to their free will. In classical physics, one could have imagined that their decisions are in principle predictable (people may be imagined to be deterministic machines in classical physics) but they were never predictable in practice. An experimenter may basically run a complex pseudorandom generator that decides whether he will press the "X" or "Y" button. Even in feasible classical theories, it's clear that the three spins/electrons can't "reproduce" all the complicated processes in the brain and preemptively predict what the experimenters would press etc.”<br /><br />Predicting in practice the evolution of a brain is impossible but this is irrelevant. The electrons need not “reproduce” anything. They are correlated with the detector settings by means of the electric/magnetic fields of the particles in the detectors. The fact that the experiment is complicated is also irrelevant. Nature does not have any problem evolving a system of any number of bodies even if the calculations humans can do are limited to a very small number. You cannot make an electron not to obey the equations of electromagnetism by adding more and more charges around, even if those groups of charges appear to you as a free-willed human or a computer running a random number generator. This is like saying that gravity should stop working if enough stars are added to a galaxy.<br /><br />Lubos: “In quantum mechanics, the random character of the pressed buttons is irreducible and fundamental.”<br />This is indeed what you need to prove. Asserting it does not make it so.<br /><br />A local-realistic account for the single-particle interference in a double slit setup about which Feynman said:<br /><br />“"a phenomenon which is impossible […] to explain in any classical way, and which has in it the heart of quantum mechanics. In reality, it contains the only mystery [of quantum mechanics]."<br /><br />Has been realized be Yves Couder:<br />https://arxiv.org/pdf/1401.4356<br /><br />And guess what? There was no need for probabilities (irreducible or not), subjectivity of the observer, anything like that. Only a vibrating plate, some silicon oil and the good-old local-realism.<br /><br />Andrei<br />Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-80649724824430897702016-04-26T08:36:26.709-04:002016-04-26T08:36:26.709-04:00Lubos: “non-realism: there is no well-defined valu...Lubos: “non-realism: there is no well-defined value of any component of the spin (or any observable) prior to its observation, and even the question what it is isn't allowed by physics.”<br /><br />After Alice performs the measurement (+1/2), QM predicts the spin of Bob’s particle is -1/2 with probability 1. So, QM indeed ascribes a well-defined value to that unmeasured particle, it obviously allows you to ask this question and it gives a perfectly fine answer, -1/2. Bob’s subsequent measurement that is guaranteed to give exactly the already existing value, -1/2 is perfectly useless. It does not make the probability 1 even bigger for obvious reasons so the -1/2 value remains as defined or undefined as before.<br /><br />I have no issue regarding the formalism of QM, but it proves nothing. If you think you can prove that this formalism is unique I invite you to present that proof. The existence of a statistical theory does not necessarily imply the non-existence of an exact theory. ‘t Hooft for example has published an article:<br /><br />https://arxiv.org/pdf/1405.1548<br /><br />claiming that QM on a complex vector space is equivalent, from a mathematically point of view with a discrete cellular automaton. I am not qualified to evaluate it but the man got the Nobel prize in this field so, I’ll credit him with my trust.<br /><br />Lubos: “The state of everything is always well-defined only relatively to the perspective of an observer who has gained some knowledge by observations.”<br /><br />OK, so let’s only discuss the experiment from the subjective point of view of Alice. She measures her particle, she gets +1/2, she knows Bob’s particle must be -1/2. Do you agree that the spin of Bob’s particle, from the subjective point of view of Alice is well defined (-1/2)? Does she need to wait for Bob to perform his measurement and confirm it to her before calling the -1/2 value well-defined?<br /><br />Lubos: “First of all, the GHZM experiment doesn't involve any *charges* or *electric* fields or *magnetic* fields. It is about the measurement of the *spins*. Spins may be nonzero even if all electric charges of all objects and electromagnetic fields in the space are zero (in the ground state). Your repetitive references to "charges" and "electromagnetic fields" indicate that you don't understand this experiment even at a classical level. You completely misunderstand basic words in physics such as the spin, charge, and others. You misunderstand the fact that the experiment is about the principles and the information coming from observations, not some technicalities about how the information is realized via "fields".”<br /><br />I think you misunderstood my point. By charges I do not mean macroscopically charged objects, currents in copper coils or something like that. I am just stating the obvious fact that matter consists of atoms which have negatively charged electrons and positively charged nuclei. Everything that happens in GHZ, Bell, double-slit, delayed-choice or not, can be reduced to a great number of charges moving around.<br /><br />If we ignore for now gravity and nuclear reactions everything that takes place during the experiment is a manifestation of EM.<br />Now, classical electromagnetism is a deterministic field theory. The “field” part is important because it ensures the contextuality needed to explain the quantum correlations. The force acting on each particle is a function of the electric and magnetic fields at that location and those fields are a function of the position/momenta of all field sources (particles).<br /><br />When the entangled particles are produced (either photons or electrons or atoms created by splitting a diatomic molecule) the electric and magnetic fields acting on that location matter. The particle produced under the influence of the field produced by three detectors on X are different than those produced under the influence of the field associated with two detectors on Y and one on X. In other words, the hidden variable depends on the detector settings. <br />Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-31658297523978362752016-04-25T20:53:36.811-04:002016-04-25T20:53:36.811-04:00Dear Andrei,
Your answer does not address my chal...Dear Andrei,<br /><br />Your answer does not address my challenge to you. Let’s ignore for the time the fact that charge distributions are irrelevant to the problem at hand. If I understood the spirit of your answer you basically appeal to superdeterminism (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superdeterminism). However this position is indefensible because 2 things: (a) the laboratories are spatial separated preventing communication and (b) the number of experiments is unlimited. Together this creates the perfect storm of a conspiracy. However its likelihood can be made arbitrary small by repeating the experiment.<br /><br />The second point you make: “You mix apples with oranges,” points in a different direction: noncontextuality. Basically here you deny the applicability of Kolmogorov axioms, and in doing so you violate the basic ideas of classical physics. As such your “local realism” is very different from the generally accepted meaning of the term. <br /><br />I think you also do not properly understand Bell’s theorem. In quantum mechanics there is a surprise: there are correlations which go above Bell limit. When you appeal on contextuality in your argument you basically state two things:<br />1: there is no surprise in QM because<br />2: you can go above Bell limit in classical field theories<br /><br />There is a surprise in QM vs. classical physics, but instead of convincing you of this show me the money and prove you can go above Bell limit in classical field theories. After all it is you who make this very big claim and the burden of proof is on you. Handwavings don’t count. Show how on a classical system you can achieve correlations above Bell limit. If you do that you will become very famous overnight. But it can’t be done the same way you cannot find any classical system able to answer my earlier challenge to you: it is a mathematical impossibility. Even in the classical emulation of a quantum computer where you have an actual Hilbert space you cannot go above Bell limit.<br /><br />Florin <br />Florin Moldoveanuhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/01087655914212705768noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-75693383092829737642016-04-25T12:25:09.138-04:002016-04-25T12:25:09.138-04:00Andrei, every single sentence of yours is wrong an...Andrei, every single sentence of yours is wrong and most of them are absolutely idiotically wrong.<br /><br />First of all, the GHZM experiment doesn't involve any *charges* or *electric* fields or *magnetic* fields. It is about the measurement of the *spins*. Spins may be nonzero even if all electric charges of all objects and electromagnetic fields in the space are zero (in the ground state). Your repetitive references to "charges" and "electromagnetic fields" indicate that you don't understand this experiment even at a classical level. You completely misunderstand basic words in physics such as the spin, charge, and others. You misunderstand the fact that the experiment is about the principles and the information coming from observations, not some technicalities about how the information is realized via "fields".<br /><br />Second, it makes no sense to divide the states to "symmetric" and "asymmetric". GHZM involves the state of three spins. The state is symmetric under permutations of any pair of the three electrons. But this symmetry has nothing to do with its being entangled and with the entangled state's ability to produce the prediction (of the relative signs in the correlations of the spins) that is diametrically opposite to the prediction of any local realist theory, as Florin reviewed. So you're focusing on some issues that aren't really relevant for anything in the discussion and overlooking everything that is relevant.<br /><br />Third, it's just completely wrong to say:<br /><br />"A measurement on the same axis (X or Y) by all three experimenters requires that at the beginning of the experiment the charge distribution is as such that it will necessarily evolve in a state with three detectors aligned on the same axis."<br /><br />Whether the experimenters measured the X- or Y-component of the spins was up to their free will. In classical physics, one could have imagined that their decisions are in principle predictable (people may be imagined to be deterministic machines in classical physics) but they were never predictable in practice. An experimenter may basically run a complex pseudorandom generator that decides whether he will press the "X" or "Y" button. Even in feasible classical theories, it's clear that the three spins/electrons can't "reproduce" all the complicated processes in the brain and preemptively predict what the experimenters would press etc.<br /><br />In quantum mechanics, the random character of the pressed buttons is irreducible and fundamental. Quantum mechanics predicts that the experimenter #3 will press "X" with some probability and "Y" with another probability. What is needed for "XYY" to be possible is that the probability of "XYY" is nonzero. It is simply not true that the probability has to be 100% - and the probability is almost never 100%. <br /><br />Your statement is absolutely equivalent to the statement that if something has a nonzero probability, it has to have the 100% probability. This statement is simply wrong. It suggests that you don't understand basics of mathematics and probability calculus, even at the classical or basic-school level. It's just embarrassingly silly to make similar statements and you have absolutely no chance to understand quantum mechanics with this hopeless background.Luboš Motlhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/17487263983247488359noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-86770552760953706932016-04-25T11:20:47.933-04:002016-04-25T11:20:47.933-04:00Dear Florin,
The error in your reasoning is this:...Dear Florin,<br /><br />The error in your reasoning is this:<br /><br />A measurement on the same axis (X or Y) by all three experimenters requires that at the beginning of the experiment the charge distribution is as such that it will necessarily evolve in a state with three detectors aligned on the same axis. Let's call this type of initial state "symmetric state".<br /><br />A measurement on different axis (X and Y) requires that at the beginning of the experiment the charge distribution is as such that it will necessarely evolve in a state with two detectors aligned on the same axis and a third detector aligned on a different axis. Let's call this type of initial state "non-symmetric state".<br /><br />Because the production of the entangled electrons depends on the electric and magnetic fields at the sources' location and because those fields are determined by charge distribution and momenta we will have two types of electrons:<br /><br />1. "symmetric state" electrons<br />2. "non-symmetric state" electrons<br /><br />They are different and you cannot infer the spin of "symmetric state" electrons from measurements on "non-symmetric state" electrons. You mix apples with oranges, that's your error.<br /><br />GHZ adds nothing new to realism - non-realism debate. The same error is involved in Bell's theorem. It is assumed that if measurements on the same axis always give opposite results it means that entangled particles have same spin components when they are measured on different axis as well, which is false in the context of classical field theories as explained above.<br /><br />AndreiAnonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-58240087657417767152016-04-25T11:17:04.897-04:002016-04-25T11:17:04.897-04:00Do you really misunderstand what I am trying to te...Do you really misunderstand what I am trying to tell you, that your comments make it clear that you are confined in an extremely narrow straitjacket, a wrong theory falsified 90 years ago and you are completely incapable so far of even *listening* to the actual correct explanation, just like a creationist who is just incapable of understanding that the species were created by God either in 1 week or 2 weeks and a moderate change of this duration isn't enough for him to get the foundations of the modern biology? It's remarkable because I think one can find many dogs and cats who would be faster in comprehending these things.Luboš Motlhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/17487263983247488359noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-42478139844706106932016-04-25T11:16:32.848-04:002016-04-25T11:16:32.848-04:00The correct option replacing your incorrect option...The correct option replacing your incorrect options 1,2 is <br /><br />3) non-realism: there is no well-defined value of any component of the spin (or any observable) prior to its observation, and even the question what it is isn't allowed by physics. The ignorance about "so far not measured" observables isn't just the classical ignorance that may also be observed by probabilities - that obey various rules, such as various rules involving sums of probabilities of intermediate states. Instead, the unknown state of observables before they are measured must be described by the complex probability amplitudes and it's these amplitudes, and not probabilities themselves, that are being added when logical reasoning involves unknown intermediate states.<br /><br />The "axioms" you are apparently not able to get rid of are axioms of classical physics - that's how physicists call it although you're probably not willing to admit to yourself that classical physics is the maximum in physics you're capable of getting, sort of - and the quantum revolution has indeed proven that they must be abandoned and replaced by things you consider "ludicrous" but that are absolutely needed for the description of Nature at the fundamental level. <br /><br />These required new principles include the inability to talk about the objective state of *anything* in the absence of an actual observation, i.e. the dependence of all knowledge and "reality" on the observations; the replacement of the probability calculus involving well-defined intermediate states by the probability amplitudes; the unavoidable collapse (projection) of the wave function into an eigenstate of the measured observable induced by any measurement; the linearity of the space of possible states and of the operators associated with all measurable (i.e. physically meaningful) quantities, and a few others.<br /><br />When one switches to this new framework - which is perhaps less intuitive and more mathematically advanced and abstract and demanding than the framework of classical physics, but it is equally internally consistent - one may see that the correlations following from entangled states have nothing to do with any nonlocal interactions or influences and the influence of a remote experiment on the probabilities of result to be measured here is zero (it's tiny but in principle nonzero in non-relativistic QM theories; it's strictly zero in quantum field theory which respects relativity, but in both cases, it is not the explanation of the correlation).<br /><br />That doesn't mean that the observations in 2 spacelike separated labs can't be correlated. They are correlated in general. But a correlation isn't a proof of causation. There is no causation between these two measurements. Instead, all these correlations may be explained by the mutual interactions or co-existence of the 2 measured objects in the past (when they were close to each other). This qualitative conclusion is the same as in classical physics (Bertlemann's socks) but the quantitative predictions are different than in any classical theory and they require the quantum formalism to be made (which is why the predictions may deviate from any local realist theory, as Bell's theorem or this GHZM setup shows etc.). All these predictions agree with observations and experiments.<br /><br />Otherwise the "free will" is a possible phrase that may be used but doesn't have to be used in the GHZM context or other experiments testing the entanglement etc. Totally analogous "free will" exists in the Bell's theorem setup or in the double slit experiment where the experimenter has free will to decide whether he will observe the "which slit" information or wait for the interference pattern to be formed, and measure that pattern (he can't do both with the same particles).Luboš Motlhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/17487263983247488359noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-75850860337361935542016-04-25T11:15:32.812-04:002016-04-25T11:15:32.812-04:00Andrei, Paul's remarks are exactly right. You ...Andrei, Paul's remarks are exactly right. You just repeated your first incorrect comment almost in verbatim, still offering just options 1 and 2 - both of them are "realism" and both of them are wrong. <br /><br />It's very hard to understand how someone can have such an incredibly hard time to understand what we're even saying, let alone what it means. It's like one is trying to explain Darwin's theory of the origin of species to someone and the person says that there are two options, 1) species were created by God in one week, that's Genesis, 2) in two weeks – which is the modern, almost heretical, theory the person is willing to consider. <br /><br />Well, none of them is correct. You just can't fix your theory by changing one week to two weeks. Something much more fundamental is wrong about both answers. And exactly in the same way, none of your statements about Nature in your comments are correct. <br /><br />Every single one of them is wrong. The only exception is one sentence of yours, the second one below:<br /><br />"This objection is ridiculous. By this definition there can never be a well-defined state of anything."<br /><br />The only problem is that your only correct sentence that you have made *anywhere* in your comments was decorated by the assertion (first sentence in the quotes) that it is "ridiculous". Sorry, it may look ridiculous to those who completely misunderstand modern physics but that's exactly how quantum mechanics describes everything in Nature. <br /><br />Indeed, in principle, there is *never* any well-defined objective statement about anything in Nature. The state of everything is always well-defined only relatively to the perspective of an observer who has gained some knowledge by observations. He must know what were the observations, what weren't, and what were the outcomes of the observations, and that determines the initial state vector. It may be evolved by Schrödinger's equation and at any moment, the probabilities of all outcomes of any new measurements the observer may do - he must still know and "insert as input" what observable he's actually measuring or sensitive to - may be calculated via the formulae including the Born rule.<br /><br />The observations that the observer makes are analogous to the evidence in (even) classical probability theory, and the collapse of the wave function is the quantum counterpart of the one step of Bayesian inference when new evidence is collected.Luboš Motlhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/17487263983247488359noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-20256267166740796142016-04-25T10:33:40.175-04:002016-04-25T10:33:40.175-04:00Dear Paul,
This objection is ridiculous. By this ...Dear Paul,<br /><br />This objection is ridiculous. By this definition there can never be a well-defined state of anything. You prepare a particle in an momentum eigenstate. Does it have a well-defined momentum? Nope, because you didn't measure it. You measure it, you get obviously the same result. Does it have a well-defined momentum? Nope, you need to measure it again, and so on...<br /><br />But forget about experimental facts. Let's change the wording a little bit.<br /><br />Do you agree that after Alice performs her measurement on X and gets +1/2 Bob's particle is in such a situation that a measurement on it on X will give -1/2 with probability 1? (we may define such a state as "probability 1 undefined state").<br /><br />If during Alice's measurement nothing happened to the particle it follows that it must have been in the same situation even before the measurement, the situation defined as "probability 1 undefined state". Do you agree with that?<br /><br />AndreiAnonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832136017893749497.post-91818249309548063582016-04-25T09:47:14.219-04:002016-04-25T09:47:14.219-04:00Dear Andrei,
No, that does not follow. Did you no...Dear Andrei,<br /><br />No, that does not follow. Did you not read the article I linked to? There is no such experimental fact unless Bob measures its X-spin. As Streater says: “The EPR experiment pin-points the need for subjectivity in quantum probability; the same need in classical probability has been known and used since Bayes.”Paul Hayeshttps://www.blogger.com/profile/04309125585593320043noreply@blogger.com